From the moment people are born, their musculoskeletal systems are in development. After childhood accidents and traumas, people’s spine and joints are damaged. Orthopedic problems also occur due to the genetic predisposition of the person to some diseases. Hip dislocation, with its general definition, is the damage to the ligaments between the femoral head and the hip joint.
What is Hip Dislocation?
Hip Dislocation: In infancy disorders related to the hip joint may not be noticed. It manifests itself with greater symptoms in the following periods. In the first step of hip dislocation in children, treatment is provided with applications such as splints and bandaging. However, if it is detected after the first six months in babies, surgical methods are used. It is aimed to prevent dislocation of the hip joint by applying plaster cast under general anesthesia.
As a result of trauma and accidents in the body during adulthood, severe pain occurs. The patient’s age, weight and other existing ailments are also determined. The treatment of hip dislocation is decided by the examination and tests performed by the orthopedic specialist. After the treatment, regular checks should be made to understand the effect of the applied procedures. Since there is a risk of inflammation in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery, they should be followed up by an orthopedic specialist.
Types of Hip Dislocation
Hip dislocation, which is a common orthopedic health problem, can occur in various way.It can occur in the womb during the prenatal period. In addition, it occurs depending on some factors during the birth process and in the following period. The hip joint is damaged as a result of habits such as swaddling and wearing tight clothes. In addition, the person may have a genetic predisposition. Hip joint disorders often include unilateral and bilateral hip dislocations. Symptoms in the form of walking with a limp along with pain are observed in the patients.
The types of hip dislocations commonly encountered in the orthopedy are as follows:
Partially dislocated Hip:It is the condition in which the thigh bone in the skeletal structure does not completely come out of the hip joint socket.It is seen that there is a shift upwards and towards the outside of the joint. The degree of hip dislocation can be clearly observed in the X-ray film taken for the diagnosis of the disease.
Dislocated Hip: The area described as the femoral head is exactly outside the hip joint. It is diagnosed with imaging devices used after physical examination.
Hip Dislocations Caused by Trauma: Hip dislocation can occur due to the accidents experienced by the person and as a result of the impact of the hip joint.
Congenital Hip Dislocation: It is diagnosed in infancy. Some conditions that develop in the mother’s womb can cause it. During birth, the hip joint may be damaged in shape depending on factors such as the position of the baby in the womb. Finally, during the baby’s developmental stages, parents’ habits such as swaddling also lead to hip dislocation.
Hip Dislocation Symptoms
Orthopedic health problems that occur on the hip joint are primarily understood by experiencing difficulties in walking functions. Along with the general spine structure of the person, the posture of the legs should also be observed. In the advanced stages of hip dislocation, curvatures are seen on the skeletal structure..Depending on age, calcification occurs in the hip joint. In addition, wear on the hip joint can cause the area called femoral head to dislocate from the hip joint socket
- Limitation of the range of motion of the hip joint
- Severe pain or aches which the person experiences
- Color changes in the hip joint area
- Heat loss or cooling in the area suspected of hip dislocation
- Walk with a limp
- Difference in leg length
- Outward opening of the legs while walking
- Abnormal folds on the skin surface
How Is It Treated?
Types of treatment include surgical and non-surgical techniques. Medical products are used to increase the quality of the person’s daily life and to prevent hip dislocation. Products that support the hip joint, such as orthopedic shoes, should be preferred. The treatment to be applied is decided according to the degree of dislocation of the ligament between the femoral head and hip joint socket.
In the treatment of hip dislocation in babies after 6 months of age, plaster can be applied to the problematic area. It is performed under general anesthesia. Methods such as wrapping and splint are used after plaster treatment. If the femoral head does not fit into place after the procedures, other surgical techniques are reviewed.
ORTOPEDİ VE TRAVMATOLOJİ UZMANI
pROF. dR. hASAN HİLMİ MURATLI
