Yaşlanma ve yetersiz beslenmeye bağlı olarak kemikte bulunan mineral yoğunluğunun azalmasıyla gelişen duruma kemik erimesi denir. Bu hastalık, kemikleri zayıflatır ve kırılmasını kolaylaştırır. Osteoporoz olarak da bilinen kemik erimesi hastalığı vücuttaki tüm kemikleri etkiler, ancak esas olarak omurga, kalça ve bilek kemiklerini etkilemektedir. 45 yaş üstü çoğu kişide görülür ve sıklığı yaşla birlikte artar. Erkeklere oranla kadınlarda daha çok görülmektedir.

Osteoporozun bir sonucu olarak, kemiğin darbeye direnme yeteneği azalır. Bu nedenle kırık ve sakatlanma vakaları ciddi bir sağlık problemi haline gelmiştir. Kemik erimesi hastalığından korunmak için erken yaşlardan itibaren yeteli kalsiyum alınmalı ve koruyucu önlemler alınmalıdır.

kemik erimesi

Kemik Erimesi Belirtileri Nelerdir?

  • Boyda kısalma,
  • Bel ve boyun ağrısı,
  • Sırt ağrısı,
  • Vücut şeklinin öne eğik ve kambur olmaya başlaması,
  • Kalça, omurga ve el bilek kemiklerinde meydana gelen kırıklar,
  • Hafif çarpmalarda bile kırılmaların oluşması,
  • Kemiklerin erimesinden dolayı vücut şeklinde bozuklukların meydana gelmesi,
  • Ağrı ve kırıktan dolayı hastanın zamanla hareketsizleşmesi kemik erimesi (osteoporoz) hastalığının belirtilerindendir.

Tanı ve Tedavi Yöntemleri Nelerdir?

Kemik erimesi tanısı kemik yoğunluğunun ölçülmesiyle konur. Bunun için kullanılan en yaygın yöntem DEXA’ dır. Bu yöntemle kemik yoğunluğu kolayca ve ağrısız bir şekilde ölçülebilir. Bel omurları ve kalça kemiklerinden ölçümler alınır.

Kemik yoğunluğu az olan kişilere düzenli beslenme planı tavsiye edilir. Gereken durumlarda ise hastaya d vitamini ve kalsiyum takviyeleri reçete edilir. Kemikleri kırılma riski yüksek olan kişiler için doktorlar, ağızdan hap veya enjeksiyon şeklinde alınabilecek koruyucu ilaçlarla başlayacaklardı. Bu ilaçlar osteoporozda kemik yıkımını azaltabilir ve dengeleyebilir.

kemik erimesi

Osteoporoz (Kemik Erimesi) Nedenleri Nelerdir?

Kemikler devamlı olarak yenilenme halindedir. Osteoblast adı verilen hücreler, yeni kemik hücreleri oluşturmaktan sorumlu iken osteoklast hücreleri eski kemik hücrelerini parçalamaktan sorumludur. Yaş ilerledikçe kemik yapımı, kemik yıkımına ayak uyduramaz ve kemik erimesi başlar. Bu durum yetersiz beslenme ile birlikte olduğunda osteoporoz hastalığı ortaya çıkar. Osteoporozun başlangıcını etkileyen risk faktörleri şunlardır:

  • Yetersiz kalsiyum, fosfor ve D vitamini alımı.
  • Kadın ve özellikle de menopoz sonrası dönemde olmak.
  • İleri yaş,
  • Genetik yatkınlık,
  • Cinsiyet hormonlarındaki düşüklükler,
  • Tiroid hormonlarına ilişkin bozukluklar,
  • Menopoz öncesi dönemde yumurtalıkların alınması,
  • Adrenal bez hastalıkları,
  • Steroid içerikli ilaç kullanımı,
  • Sigara ve alkol tüketimi,
  • Hareketsiz yaşam tarzı kemik erimesi nedenleri olarak sıralanabilir.

1 Yorumlar

  • Posted 3 Mayıs 2025 20:12 0Beğeni
    by Rickie

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